psychrophilic

Edge evidence

• low temperature selects for psychrophilic METPO:2007401

  Permanently cold environments select for microorganisms able to grow near freezing.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 growing well at temperatures around the freezing point Review supports psychrophile growth in near-freezing environments.
• low temperature decreases membrane fluidity RO:0002212

  Cold reduces membrane fluidity, altering transport and waste exchange.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 decreased membrane fluidity Supports membrane rigidification as a low-temperature challenge.
• unsaturated and branched-chain fatty acids regulates membrane fluidity RO:0002211

  Unsaturated and branched-chain fatty acids maintain membrane fluidity during cold growth.

  • DOI:10.1146/annurev-micro-091313-103612 more unsaturated fatty acids Review supports homoviscous membrane adaptation as temperature decreases.
• cold-adapted enzymes enables psychrophilic RO:0002327

  Cold-active enzymes support catalysis at low temperature.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2010.05.002 genes involved in cold adaptation Review connects psychrophile omics signatures with cold-adaptation mechanisms.
• cold-shock proteins contributes to psychrophilic RO:0002326

  Cold-shock proteins support cellular acclimation to low temperature.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 Cold-shock proteins have also been described Supports cold-shock proteins as psychrophile-associated adaptations.
• antifreeze and ice-binding proteins protects against low temperature

  Antifreeze and ice-binding proteins mitigate ice-associated stress in cold habitats.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 intracellular ice formation Review identifies ice formation as a cold challenge and cites bacterial antifreeze protein activity.
• cold-shock proteins regulates transcription and translation RO:0002211

  Cold-shock proteins regulate transcription and translation during cold acclimation.

  • DOI:10.1002/embr.201338170 cold-shock proteins (CSPs) regulate a variety of cellular processes, including transcription, translation.
• trehalose prevents protein and membrane stability RO:0002212

  Trehalose helps prevent protein denaturation and aggregation, acting as a cryoprotectant.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 Trehalose is thought to have a colligative effect, but probably also helps in preventing protein denaturation and aggregation.
• compatible solutes maintains protein and membrane stability

  Compatible solutes depress the freezing point and stabilize proteins and membranes.

  • DOI:10.37256/amtt.5220244537 Compatible solutes depress the freezing point... stabilize proteins and membranes.
• antifreeze and ice-binding proteins binds to ice crystals

  Antifreeze/ice-binding proteins bind ice crystals to control ice growth and recrystallization.

  • DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.7400662 Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) have the ability to bind to ice crystals.
• low temperature increases reactive oxygen species RO:0002213

  Increased gas solubility at low temperature raises reactive oxygen species concentrations.

  • DOI:10.1002/embr.201338170 The solubility of gases increases at lower temperatures, resulting in increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species.