lithotrophic

Edge evidence

• lithotrophic uses electron donor inorganic electron donor METPO:2000009

  Lithotrophic organisms use inorganic compounds as electron donors.

  • DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-378630-2.00219-X inorganic atoms or molecules as a growth-supporting reductant Supports inorganic electron donors as the defining lithotrophic substrate class.
• molecular hydrogen example of inorganic electron donor rdfs:subClassOf

  Molecular hydrogen is a representative inorganic electron donor.

  • DOI:10.21775/cimb.006.159 oxidation of hydrogen gas Supports hydrogen gas as a microbial inorganic electron donor.
• reduced sulfur compound example of inorganic electron donor rdfs:subClassOf

  Reduced sulfur compounds are representative lithotrophic electron donors.

  • DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00187.x lithotrophic sulfur oxidation Supports sulfur oxidation as a lithotrophic process.
• inorganic electron donor donates electrons to membrane electron transport chain METPO:2007403

  Electrons from inorganic donors enter respiratory electron transport.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.09.008 membrane-bound electron transport chain Supports membrane-bound redox chains as energy-conserving electron-transfer systems.
• membrane electron transport chain generates proton motive force biolink:produces

  Respiratory redox reactions are conserved as an electrochemical ion gradient.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.09.008 generation of an electrochemical ion gradient Supports proton motive force generation by respiratory electron transport.
• proton motive force drives synthesis of ATP biolink:produces

  Proton motive force drives ATP synthesis.

  • DOI:10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.09.008 gradient ... drives ATP synthesis Supports ATP production from the respiratory ion gradient.
• thiosulfate oxidized by Sox multienzyme system

  Thiosulfate is oxidized by the periplasmic Sox multienzyme system.

  • DOI:10.3390/microorganisms11061436 Review: "The Sox multienzyme system... performs periplasmic thiosulfate oxidation."
• sulfite oxidized by SoeABC sulfite dehydrogenase

  Sulfite is oxidized to sulfate by membrane-bound SoeABC sulfite dehydrogenase.

  • DOI:10.3390/microorganisms11061436 Review: "Sulfite produced is oxidized to sulfate by membrane-bound SoeABC."
• ammonia oxidized by ammonia monooxygenase (AMO)

  Ammonia is oxidized by ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) in ammonia-oxidizing lithotrophs.

  • DOI:10.1186/s40168-025-02290-9 Key NH4+ oxidation enzymes including ammonia monooxygenase (AMO); canonical enzyme role.
• hydroxylamine oxidized by hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO)

  Hydroxylamine is oxidized by hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO).

  • DOI:10.1186/s40168-025-02290-9 Key NH4+ oxidation enzymes including hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO).
• nitrite oxidized by nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR)

  Nitrite is oxidized to nitrate by nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR).

  • DOI:10.1128/mbio.00749-25 Nitrite further oxidized to nitrate by a nitrite oxidoreductase gene (nxr).
• molecular oxygen serves as terminal acceptor for sulfur oxidation

  Molecular oxygen serves as a terminal electron acceptor for aerobic sulfur oxidation.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-024-01104-3 Sulfur oxidation susceptible to oxidation by electron acceptors; aerobic sulfur oxidation contexts.