obligately anaerobic

Edge evidence

• molecular oxygen inhibits obligately anaerobic RO:0002212

  Oxygen blocks growth of obligate anaerobes.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y oxygen blocks their growth Review identifies blocked growth as the defining trait of obligate anaerobes.
• anaerobic metabolism depends on low-potential metal centres RO:0002502

  Obligate anaerobic metabolism often relies on oxygen-sensitive radical chemistry and low-potential metal centers.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y radical chemistry and low-potential metal centres Supports low-potential metal centers as anaerobic metabolic features.
• molecular oxygen poisons low-potential metal centres

  Dioxygen can directly poison catalytic sites central to anaerobic metabolism.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y direct poisoning by molecular oxygen and ROS Supports oxygen-sensitive catalytic sites as a mechanism of growth inhibition.
• reactive oxygen species damages low-potential metal centres

  ROS provide an additional route for damage to oxygen-sensitive anaerobic enzymes.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y direct poisoning by molecular oxygen and ROS Supports ROS-mediated impairment of anaerobic catalytic sites.
• oxygen exposure causes reactive oxygen species biolink:causes

  O2 exposure generates ROS such as superoxide, peroxides, and hydroxyl radicals.

  • DOI:10.1186/s40168-024-01909-7 As a consequence of oxygenation, reactive oxygen species like superoxide, peroxides, and hydroxyl radicals are produced.
• oxygen exposure causes oxidative damage to biomolecules biolink:causes

  O2 exposure causes oxidative stress damaging biomolecules.

  • DOI:10.1186/s40168-024-01909-7 ROS cause oxidative stress due to damage to biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids.
• hydrogen peroxide causes hydroxyl radical biolink:causes

  H2O2 reacts with Fe(II) to produce hydroxyl radicals (Fenton chemistry).

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y Fe(II)+H2O2 produces hydroxyl radicals.
• ferrous iron (Fe(II)) causes hydroxyl radical biolink:causes

  Fe(II) drives hydroxyl-radical generation via the Fenton reaction.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y Fe(II)+H2O2 produces hydroxyl radicals.
• hydroxyl radical causes DNA damage biolink:causes

  Hydroxyl radicals create irreparable lesions and block replication.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y hydroxyl radicals create irreparable lesions and block replication.
• molecular oxygen inactivates pyruvate formate-lyase (PFL)

  O2 rapidly inactivates the glycyl-radical enzyme PFL.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y PFL is rapidly inactivated by O2; even low O2 levels can inactivate PFL within seconds.
• molecular oxygen inactivates pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR)

  O2 directly inactivates the metalloenzyme PFOR.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y O2 directly inactivates diverse metalloenzymes (e.g., PFOR).
• molecular oxygen inactivates [FeFe]-hydrogenase

  O2 directly inactivates oxygen-sensitive [FeFe]-hydrogenases.

  • DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00583-y O2 directly inactivates diverse metalloenzymes... hydrogenases.